Amazon is facing a proposed class-action lawsuit over allegations that it used Twitch streamers’ content to train artificial intelligence models without proper permission or compensation. The lawsuit, filed by Connecticut-based streamer Warren Pandiscia on behalf of millions of Twitch creators, claims Amazon and Twitch breached their contractual obligations by commercially using streamers’ videos as AI training data.

The lawsuit follows backlash after Twitch announced that creators could opt out of having their content used for generative AI training. However, the opt-out applies only to individual streams, meaning a creator’s content could still potentially be used when they appear on another stream where the feature remains enabled. Twitch has also said stream audio may be used to improve speech-to-text models and automated captions.

The case underscores growing concerns over the use of user-generated content to develop AI systems, particularly when creators may not have clearly consented to that use. The lawsuit seeks damages for affected streamers and an order preventing Amazon from continuing the alleged practice.